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The AK-47 (also known as the Kalashnikov, AK, or in Russian slang, Kalash) is a selective-fire (semi-automatic and automatic), gas-operated 7.62×39mm assault rifle, developed in the Soviet Union by Mikhail Kalashnikov. It is officially known in the Soviet documentation as Avtomat Kalashnikova (Russian: Автомат Калашникова). Design work on the AK-47 began in the last year of World War II (1945). In 1946, the AK-47 was presented for official military trials, and in 1948, the fixed-stock version was introduced into active service with selected units of the Soviet Army. An early development of the design was the AKS (S—Skladnoy or "folding"), which was equipped with an underfolding metal shoulder stock. In 1949, the AK-47 was officially accepted by the Soviet Armed Forces and used by the majority of the member states of the Warsaw Pact. Type Assault rifle Place of origin Soviet Union Service history In service 1949–1970s (USSR) 1949–present (worldwide) Used by See Users Production history Designer Mikhail Kalashnikov Designed 1946–1948[1] Manufacturer Kalashnikov Concern and various others including Norinco Produced 1949– Number built ≈ 75 million AK-47s, 100 million Kalashnikov-family weapons.[2][3] Variants See Variants Specifications Weight Without magazine: 3.47 kg (7.7 lb) Magazine, empty: 0.43 kg (0.95 lb) (early issue)[4] 0.33 kg (0.73 lb) (steel)[5] 0.25 kg (0.55 lb) (plastic)[6] 0.17 kg (0.37 lb) (light alloy)[5] Length Fixed wooden stock: 880 mm (35 in)[6] 875 mm (34.4 in) folding stock extended 645 mm (25.4 in) stock folded[4] Barrel length Overall length: 415 mm (16.3 in)[6] Rifled bore length: 369 mm (14.5 in)[6] Cartridge 7.62×39mm Action Gas-operated, rotating bolt Rate of fire Cyclic rate of fire: 600 rds/min[6] Practical rate of fire: Semi-auto 40 rds/min[6] Full-auto 100 rds/min[6] Muzzle velocity 715 m/s (2,350 ft/s)[6] Effective firing range 350 m (380 yd)[6] Feed system 30-round detachable box magazine[6] There are also 5- 10-, 20- and 40-round box and 75- and 100-round drum magazines available Sights 100–800 m adjustable iron sights Sight radius: 378 mm (14.9 in)[6]